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Speech Science: An Integrated Approach to Theory and Clinical Practice (with CD-ROM), 2/E
Carole T. Ferrand, Hofstra University

ISBN-10: 020548025X
ISBN-13:  9780205480258

Publisher:  Allyn & Bacon
Copyright:  2007
Format:  Paper Bound w/CD-ROM; 480 pp
Published:  07/28/2006
Status: Instock


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Description

Speech Science integrates scientific material on the acoustics, anatomy, and physiology of speech production and perception with state-of-the-art instrumental techniques used in clinical practice.

 

Each chapter presenting theoretical information is followed by a corresponding chapter on clinical application, demonstrating the connections between scientific theory and clinical management of communication disorders. To reinforce this link, case studies and questions in each clinical application chapter help students focus on how scientific principles are applied in clinical contexts.

 

Call-out notes, summary points, and review questions help students consolidate material for improved retention. Schematic illustrations enhance the text and demonstrate anatomical and functional relationships between structures. With this student- and instructor-friendly text, students will find theoretical information meaningful, less intimidating, and more easily accessible.


Features

  • Connections between scientific theory and clinical practice allow students to understand the material as relevant to their profession.
  • All concepts are thoroughly and clearly explained; it is not assumed that students have previous experience with the scientific concepts presented.
  • Focus on state-of-the-art technology introduces students to technology they will encounter in their professional lives, including frequency and intensity analysis, spirometry, electroglottography, spectrography and palatography, otoacoustic emissions, and cochlear implants.
  • Illustrations present schematic explanations of material without overwhelming users with unnecessary visual detail.
  • Comprehensive review questions at the end of each chapter make it easy for professors to assign homework or group projects.


New To This Edition

  • Two new chapters on neurology present a comprehensive yet targeted discussion of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology relevant to speech production (Ch. 12) and examine current brain imaging techniques (Ch. 13). 
  • In each clinical application chapter, case studies and follow-up questions reinforce the link between science and clinical application.
  • Pedagogical aides such as call-out notes in the margins have been included in all chapters to underscore important concepts.
  • TECHNOLOGY ADVANTAGE-new CD-ROM to accompany the text provides visualizations of many important concepts, as well as self-test quizzes for students to evaluate their understanding of the material.


    • Table of Contents

    Each chapter concludes with "Clinical Case Study and Questions," “Summary” and “Review Exercises.”

     

    Foreword.

     

    Acknowledgments.

     

    1. Introduction.

     

        Overview of Chapters.

     

    2. The Nature of Sound.

     

        Air Pressure.

                Measurement of Air Pressure

                Movement of Air

                Air Pressure, Volume, and Density

                Sound: Changes in Air Pressure

                Elasticity and Inertia

                Wave Motion of Sound

                Characteristics of Sound Waves

                        Frequency and Period

                        Velocity and Wavelength

                        Sound Absorption and Reflection

                        Constructive and Destructive Interference

                        Pure Tones and Complex Waves

                        Speech as a Stream of Complex Periodic and Aperiodic Waves

                Visually Depicting Sound Waves: Waveforms and Spectra

     

        Attributes of Sounds

                Frequency and Pitch

                        Human Range of Hearing

                Amplitude and Intensity

                        Amplitude

                        Intensity

                        Decibel Scale

                        Advantages of the Decibel Scale

                        Auditory Area

     

        Resonance

                Free and Forced Vibration

                Types of Resonators

                        Acoustic Resonators

                    Acoustic Resonators as Filters

                        Bandwidth

                        Cutoff Frequencies

                        Resonance Curves

                        Parameters of a Filter

                        Types of Filters

     

    3. Clinical Application of Frequency and Intensity Variables.

     

        Vocal Frequency and Amplitude

                Frequency Variables

                        Average Fundamental Frequency

                        Frequency Variability

                        Maximum Phonational Frequency Range

                Amplitude and Intensity Variables

                        Average Amplitude Level

                        Amplitude Variability

                        Dynamic Range

                        Voice Range Profile

     

        Breakdowns in Control of Vocal Frequency and Amplitude

                Voice Disorders

                Neurological Disorders

     

    4. The Respiratory System.

     

        The Structure and Mechanics of the Respiratory System

                Structures of the Lower Respiratory System

                        Bronchial Tree

                Muscles of Respiration

                        Accessory Muscles of Respiration

                        Muscles of the Abdomen

                Pleural Linkage

                Moving Air Into and Out of the Lungs

                        Inhalation

                        Exhalation

                Rate of Breathing

                Lung Volumes and Capacities

                        Resting Expiratory Level

                Lung Volumes

                        Tidal Volume

                        Inspiratory Reserve Volume

                        Expiratory Reserve Volume

                        Residual Volume

                        Dead Air

                Lung Capacities

                        Vital Capacity

                        Functional Residual Capacity

                        Total Lung Capacity

                        Development of Lung Volumes and Capacities

                Differences Between Breathing for Life and Breathing for Speech

                        Location of Air Intake

                        Ratio of Time for Inhalation versus Exhalation

                        Volume of Air Inhaled per Cycle

                        Muscle Activity for Exhalation

                Air Pressures and Flows in Respiration

                        Air Pressures

                        Airflow

                        Lung Volume and Chest Wall Shape

                Breathing Patterns for Speech

                Changes in Speech Breathing over the Life-span

     

    5. Clinical Application: Respiratory Breakdowns That Affect Speech Production.

     

        Conditions That Affect Speech Breathing

                Parkinson's Disease

                Cerebellar Disease

                Cervical Spinal Cord Injury

                Cerebral Palsy

                Mechanical Ventilation

                Voice Disorders

                Hearing Impairment

     

    6. The Phonatory System.

     

        The Vocal Mechanism

                Laryngeal Skeleton

                        Bones and Cartilages

                        Joints of the Larynx

                Valves within the Larynx

                        Aryepiglottic Folds

                        False Vocal Folds

                        True Vocal Folds

                        Cover-body Model

                        Glottis

                Muscles of the Larynx

                        Extrinsic Muscles

                        Intrinsic Muscles

                Myoelastic-Aerodynamic Theory of Phonation

                        Vertical and Longitudinal Phase Differences during Vibration

                        Voice Fundamental Frequency

                        Voice Intensity

                        Pressures Involved in Phonation

                 The Complex Sound Wave of the Human Voice

                        Glottal Spectrum

                        Harmonic Spacing

                        Nearly Periodic Nature of the Human Voice

                        Sources of fitter and Shimmer

                        Measurement of Jitter and Shimmer

     

        Vocal Registers and Vocal Quality

                Vocal Registers

                Physiologic and Acoustic Bases of Pulse and Falsetto Registers

                        Pulse

                        Falsetto

                        Spectral Characteristics of Pulse and Falsetto

                        Use of Different Registers in Singing and Speaking

     

        Voice Quality

                Normal Voice Quality

                Abnormal Voice Qualities

                Acoustic Characteristics of Breathy and Rough or Hoarse Voice

                        Breathy Voice

                        Rough or Hoarse Voice

                Ways of Measuring Registers and Quality

                        Electroglottography

                        EGG and Register

                        EGG Slope Quotients

     

    7. Clinical Application: Measures of Jitter, Shimmer, and Quality.

     

        Jitter and Shimmer Measures

                Jitter and Shimmer Measures in Communication Disorders

                        Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

                        Parkinson's Disease

                        Endotracheal Intubation

                        Laryngeal Cancer

                        Functional Voice Problems

                        Stuttering

                Measures of Voice Quality

                        Need for Objective Measures of Voice Quality

                        Aging

                        EGG and Vocal Disorders

                        EGG and Spasmodic Dysphonia

                        EGG and Parkinson's Disease

     

    8. The Articulatory System.

     

        Articulators of the Vocal Tract

                Oral Cavity

                Lips

                Teeth

                        Dental Occlusion

                Hard Palate

                Soft Palate

                        Muscles of the Velum

                        Velopharyngeal Closure

                Tongue

                        Muscles of the Tongue

                        Tongue Movements for Speech

                Pharynx

                        Muscles of the Pharynx

                Nasal Cavities

                Valves of the Vocal Tract

     

        Traditional Classification System of Consonants and Vowels

                Place of Articulation of English Consonants

                Manner of Articulation of English Consonants

                        Stops
                        Fricatives
                        Affricates

                        Nasals
                        Glides

                        Liquids

                Voicing

                Vowel Classification

     

        Vocal Tract Resonance

                Characteristics of the Vocal Tract Resonator

                Vocal Tract Filtering of the Glottal Sound Wave

                Source-filter Theory of Vowel Production

                        Formant Frequencies Related to Oral and Pharyngeal Volumes

                Vowel Formant Frequencies

                        F1/F2 Plots

                Spectrographic Analysis of Sounds

                        Vowels
                        Diphthongs

                        Glides

                        Liquids

                        Stops

                        Fricatives

                        Affricates    
                        Nasals

     

        The Production of Speech Sounds in Context

                Coarticulation

                Suprasegmentals

                        Intonation

                        Stress

                        Duration

     

    9. Clinical Application: Breakdowns in Production of Vowels and Consonants.

     

        Source-filter Theory and Problems in Speech Production

                Dysarthria

                        Vowel Duration Measurements

                        Vowel Formant Measurements

                        Consonant Measures

                Hearing Impairment

                        Segmental Problems

                        Suprasegmental Problems

                        Instrumentation in Treatment Programs for Deaf Speakers

                        Palatometry and Glossometry

                Phonological Disorders

                Tracheotomy

                Cleft Palate

     

    10. The Auditory System.

     

        Parts of the Ear

                Outer Ear

                Tympanic Membrane

                Middle Ear

                        Ossicles

                        Muscles

                        Auditory Tube

                        Functions of the Middle Ear

                Inner Ear
                        Cochlea

                        Basilar Membrane
                        Cochlear Function

     

        Perception of Speech

                Segmentation Problem

                Instrumental Analysis of Vowel and Consonant Perception

                Perception of Vowels and Diphthongs

                        Vowels

                        Diphthongs

                Perception of Consonants

                        Categorical Perception

                        Multiple Acoustic Cues in Consonant Perception

                        Influence of Coarticulation

                        Liquids

                        Glides

                        Nasals

                        Stops

                        Fricatives

                        Affricates

                The Role of Context in Speech Perception

     

        Immittance Audiometry, Otoacoustic Emissions, and Cochlear Implants

                Immittance Audiometry

                        Tympanograms

                        Tympanometric Procedure

                        Tympanogram Shapes

                        Advantages of Tympanometry

                Otoacoustic Emissions

                        Spontaneous and Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions

                Cochlear Implants

     

    11. Clinical Application: Perceptual Problems in Hearing Impairment, Language and Reading Disability, and Articulation Deficits.

     

                Hearing Loss

                        Vowel Perception

                        Consonant Perception

                        Cochlear Implants

                        Otitis Media

                Language and Reading Disability

                Articulatory Problems

     

    12. The Nervous System.

     

        Brain tissue

                Glial cells

                Neurons

                        Types of neurons

                Sensory receptors

                Neuronal function

                Conduction velocity

     

        Functional anatomy of the nervous system

        Central nervous system

                Meninges

                Ventricles

        Overview of functional brain anatomy

        Cortex

                Lobes of the brain

                        Frontal lobe

                        Parietal lobes

                        Temporal lobes

                        Occipital lobe

                        Limbic lobe

                Cortical connections

                        Commissural fibers

                        Association fibers

                        Projection fibers

                Subcortical areas of the brain

                        Basal nuclei

                        Thalamus

                        Hypothalamus

                Brainstem

                        Midbrain

                        Pons

                        Medulla

                Cerebellum

                Spinal cord

                Cranial nerves

                Blood supply to the brain

     

        Motor control systems involved in speech production

                Motor cortex

                Upper and lower motor neurons

                        Direct and indirect systems

                        Motor units

                Principles of motor control

                        Feedback and feedforward

                        Efference copy

     

    13. Clinical Application of Brain Function Measures.

     

        Techniques for imaging brain structure

                Computerized tomography

                Magnetic resonance imaging

        Techniques for imaging brain function

                Functional magnetic resonance imaging

                Positron emission tomography

                Single photon emission computed tomography

                Electroencephalography and evoked potentials

        Use of brain imaging techniques in communication disorders

                Stuttering

                Parkinson's disease

                Multiple sclerosis

                Alzheimer's disease

     

    14. Models and Theories of Speech Production and Perception.

     

                Theories

                Models

                Speech Production

                        The Serial-order issue

                        Degrees of Freedom

                        Context-sensitivity Problem

                Theories of Speech Production

                        Target Models

                        Feedback and Feedforward Models

                        Dynamic Systems Models

                        Connectionist Models

                Speech Perception

                        Linearity and Segmentation

                        Speaker Normalization

                        Basic Unit of Perception

                        Specialization of Speech Perception

                Categories of Speech Perception Theories

                        Active versus Passive

                        Bottom-up versus Top-down

                        Autonomous versus Interactive

                Theories of Speech Perception

                        Motor Theory

                        Acoustic Invariance Theory

                        Direct Realism

                        TRACE Model

                        Logogen Theory

                        Cohort Theory

                        Fuzzy Logical Model of Perception

                        Native Language Magnet Theory

     

    Glossary

     

    Appendix

     

                IPA Symbols for Consonants and Vowels

     

    References

     

    Index 



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    Speech Science integrates scientific material on the acoustics, anatomy, and physiology of speech production and perception with state-of-the-art instrumental techniques used in clinical practice.

     

    Each chapter presenting theoretical information is followed by a corresponding chapter on clinical application, demonstrating the connections between scientific theory and clinical management of communication disorders. To reinforce this link, case studies and questions in each clinical application chapter help students focus on how scientific principles are applied in clinical contexts.

     

    Call-out notes, summary points, and review questions help students consolidate material for improved retention. Schematic illustrations enhance the text and demonstrate anatomical and functional relationships between structures. With this student- and instructor-friendly text, students will find theoretical information meaningful, less intimidating, and more easily accessible.

     

    New to the Second Edition:

     

    ·  Two new chapters on neurology present a comprehensive yet targeted discussion of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology relevant to speech production (Ch. 12) and examine current brain imaging techniques (Ch. 13). 

    ·  In each clinical application chapter, case studies and follow-up questions reinforce the link between science and clinical application.

    ·  Pedagogical aides such as call-out notes in the margins have been included in all chapters to underscore important concepts.

    ·  TECHNOLOGY ADVANTAGE A new DVD to accompany the text provides visualizations of many important concepts, as well as self-test quizzes for students to evaluate their understanding of the material.

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    Instructor's Manual and Test Bank for Speech Science: An Integrated Approach to Theory and Clinical Practice (with CD-ROM), 2/E
    Ferrand
    ©2007  |  Allyn & Bacon  |  On-line Supplement; 144 pp  |  Live
    ISBN-10: 0205483852  |  ISBN-13: 9780205483853

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    Allyn & Bacon Communication Disorders SuperSite
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    ©2001  |  Allyn & Bacon  |  On-line Supplement  |  Live
    ISBN-10: 0205337619  |  ISBN-13: 9780205337613
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    ©2007  |  Allyn & Bacon  |  On-line Supplement  |  Live
    ISBN-10: 0131737244  |  ISBN-13: 9780131737242
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