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Cities and Urban Life, 4/E
ISBN-10: 0132260409
ISBN-13: 9780132260404
Publisher: Pearson
Copyright: 2007
Format: Cloth; 512 pp
Published: 05/01/2006
Description
For Urban Sociology, Urban Political Economy, Urban Anthropology, and Urban Studies courses taught out of the sociology, political science and urban studies departments.
Cities and Urban Life, authored by two of the best-known textbook writers in the field, provides a comprehensive introduction to urban sociology, urban anthropology, and urban studies courses. Primarily sociological in approach, this book incorporates historical, social, psychological, geographical, and anthropological insights. While strong in the classical urban sociology, it also gives extensive attention to the "new" political economy approach to urban studies. Also, the authors use global cities as case studies for more relevance to students.
Features
Discussion of the vulnerability of cities to acts of terrorism– Provides students with new insight into the effects of terrorism on their lives.
Expanded discussion of cities and the world economy – Gives students a global perspective regarding urban sociology, allowing them to understand and track the latest trends in the field.
A global perspective– offers a look at the history and current urbanization in four major world regions: Latin America, Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. Provides global context of regions where urbanization is now most rapid, with cities reaching unprecedented size.
Case studies–Offer a broad sociohistorical look at major cities in various regions of the world. Illustrate for students a chapter's key points.
New To This Edition
- Expanded coverage of race, class and gender issues as they relate to urban issues.
- Integrates urban culture throughout the book (for example, music and the arts).
- New and updated photo program.
- TestGen - computerized test generation software.
Table of Contents
PART I: Understanding the City
Chapter 1: Exploring the City
Why Study the City?
The Complexity of the City: Various Perspectives
The City in History
The Emergence of Urban Sociology
Social Psychology: The Urban Experience
Urban Geography and Ecology
Comparative Urbanism: The City and Culture
The New Urban Sociology: The City and Capitalism
The Anatomy of Modern North American Cities
The City in World Perspective
Urban Sociology and the Quality of City Life
PART II: History of Cities and New Trends
Chapter 2: The Origins and Development of the World’s Cities
Urban Origins
Archaeology: Digging the Early City
The First Permanent Settlements
The City Emerges
The First Urban Revolution: City-States and Urban Empires
The Near East: Mesopotamia and Egypt
The Indus Region
A Glance Eastward: China
A Glance Westward: The Americas
Summary: Traits of Early Cities
Crete and Greece
Rome
Decline: The Middle Ages
Revival: Medieval and Renaissance Cities
The Second Urban Revolution: The Rise of Modern Cities
*CASE STUDY: London—The History of a WorldCity
Beginnings: 55 b.c.e–1066 c.e.
The Medieval City: 1066–1550
The World City Emerges: 1550–1800
Industrialization and Colonization: 1800–1900
The Modern Era: 1900 to the Present
Chapter 3: The Development of North American Cities
The Colonial Era: 1600–1800
Colonial City Characteristics
The City-Instigated Revolutionary War
Growth and Expansion: 1800–1870
The Beginnings of Industrialization
Urban–Rural/North–South Tensions
The Era of the Great Metropolis: 1870–1950
Technological Advance
Suburbs and the Gilded Age
The Great Migration
Politics and Problems
The Quality of Life in the New Metropolis
The North American City Today: 1950 to the Present
Decentralization
The Sunbelt Expansion
The Coming of the Postindustrial City
Deterioration and Regeneration
The Future
The Human Cost of Economic Restructuring
*CASE STUDY: New York—The “Big Apple”
The Colonial Era
Growth and Expansion
The Great Metropolis Emerges
New York Today
Chapter 4: Cities and Suburbs of the Twenty-First Century
Urban and Suburban Sprawl
What Is Sprawl?
Why Do We Have Sprawl?
Where Does Sprawl Occur?
The Problems of Sprawl
Solutions to Sprawl
Exurbs
The New Cities
Characteristics and Commonalities
Types of Edge Cities
Evolving Middle-Class Centers
Three Edge City Variations
Gated Communities
Types of Gated Communities
A Sense of Community
Common-Interest Developments (CIDs)
*CASE STUDY: Portland, Oregon
The Physical Setting
History
Urban Decline and the Planners’ Response to Sprawl
Portland Today
PART III: Disciplinary Perspectives
Chapter 5: Urban Sociology: Classic and Modern Statements
The European Tradition: 1846–1921
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels: From Barbarism to Civilization
Ferdinand Tönnies: From Gemeinschaft to Gesellschaft
Emile Durkheim: Mechanical and Organic Solidarity
Georg Simmel: The Mental Life of the Metropolis
Max Weber: The Historical and Comparative Study of Cities
The European Tradition: An Evaluation
Urban Sociology in North America: 1915–1970
Robert Park and Sociology at the University of Chicago
Louis Wirth and Urban Theory
Herbert Gans and the Urban Mosaic
Wirth and Gans: A Comparison
The Classic Theories and Modern Research: Myths and Realities
Tolerance in the City
Impersonality in the City
Density and Urban Pathology
Urban Malaise
The New Urban Sociology
Chapter 6: Social Psychology: The Urban Experience
The Physical Environment
Kevin Lynch: The Image of the City
Stanley Milgram: More on Mental Maps
The Social Environment: Gesellschaft
The Pedestrian: Watching Your Step
A World of Strangers
Class, Race, and the Urban Experience
The City as Gesellschaft: A Reassessment
The Social Environment: Gemeinschaft
Urban Networks
Identifying with the City
The City as Gemeinschaft: A Reassessment
The Texture of the City
Humanizing the City
Chapter 7: Geography and Spatial Perspectives: Making Sense of Space
Urban Geography
The Location of Cities
Why Cities Are Where They Are
The Shape of the City
The Radiocentric City
The Gridiron City
Urban Ecology: The Chicago School
The Ecological Theory of Urban Development
The Concentric Zone Hypothesis
Criticisms of the Chicago School
Urban Ecology: Other Theories
The Sector Theory
The Multiple Nuclei Theory
Social Area Analysis
Factorial Ecology
The Los Angeles School and Postmodernism
Chapter 8: Comparative Urbanism: The City and Culture
The City and the Countryside
Interdependencies
Urban Dominance
The City and Civilization
Oswald Spengler: The “Soul” of the City
Lewis Mumford: The City as the Center of Civilization
Daniel J. Monti: The Civic Culture of the City
The City and Societal Culture
*CASE STUDY: Ming Peking
Physical Structure
Symbolism
*CASE STUDY: Hellenic Athens
The Preclassical Period
The Golden Age
Behind the Glory
Ming Peking and Athens: A Comparison
The Culture of Capitalism and the City
The Capitalist City
The Industrial Revolution
Urban Life as Economics
Assets and Debits
*CASE STUDY: Communist Beijing
The Emergence of Modern Beijing
Urban Life as Politics
The Difficulties of Urban Life
Economic Reform
A Rising Consumerism
Chapter 9: The New Urban Sociology: The City and Capitalism
Urban Economics: The Traditional Perspective
Central Place Theory
The General Pattern of Land Use
Criticisms of the Basic Theory
Political Economy: The “New” Perspective
Henri Lefebvre: Redefining the Study of Cities
Urban Areas as Themed Environments
David Harvey: The Baltimore Study
Manuel Castells: Updating Marx
Allen Scott: Business Location and the Global Economy
Horizontal Integration
John Logan and Harvey Molotch: Urban Growth Machines
The Global Economy
Deindustrialization
Economic Restructuring
A World System
Urban Political Economy: Four Principles
The Urbanization of Poverty
The Developing World
The Developed World
PART IV: The STRUCTURE of the City
Chapter 10: Stratification and Social Class: Urban and Suburban Lifestyles
Social Stratification
Social Class Distinctions
Income Distribution Nationwide
Incomes Within and Outside Cities
Poverty Nationwide
Poverty Within and Outside Cities
A Cautionary Note
Urban Social Class Diversity
Upper-Class Urban Neighborhoods
Middle-Class Urban Neighborhoods
Working-Class Urban Neighborhoods
Mixed-Income Urban Neighborhoods
Low-Income Urban Neighborhoods
The Homeless
Suburban Social Class Diversity
Upper-Income Suburbs
Middle-Income Suburbs
Working-Class Suburbs
Suburban Cosmopolitan Centers
Minority Suburbs
Chapter 11: Race, Ethnicity, and Gender: Urban Diversity
Cities and Immigrants
Ethnic Enclaves and Ethnic Identity
Ethnic Change
Racial and Ethnic Minorities
African Americans
Asian Americans
Hispanic Americans
Muslim Americans
Native Americans
Women and Urban Life
Work
Urban Space
The Public Sphere
*CASE STUDY: Chicago, “City of the Big Shoulders”
Early Chicago
The Burning and Rebuilding of Chicago
Jane Addams and Hull House
Chicago in the Early Twentieth Century
The Postwar Period
Chicago Today
Chapter 12: Housing, Education, Crime: Confronting Urban Problems
Housing: A Place to Live
Adequate Housing: Who Has It?
Housing Problems: A Brief History
Public Housing
Deterioration and Abandonment in the Inner City
The Inner City Today: A Revival?
The New Urbanism
Education: The Urban Challenge
Meeting the “No Child Left Behind” Challenge
Magnet Schools
School Vouchers
Charter Schools
Crime: Perception and Reality
Public Perception of Crime
Explaining High-Crime Areas
Effects of Crime on Everyday Life
What Is the Solution?
PART V: Global Urbanization
Chapter 13: Cities in the Developing World
Historical Context
Latin American Cities
African Cities
Middle Eastern Cities
Asian Cities
Common Legacies
The Modern Era
Latin American Cities
African Cities
Middle Eastern Cities
Asian Cities
Common Problems
PART VI: The Planning and Evaluation of Cities
Chapter 14: Planning the Urban Environment
Visions
City Planning in World History
Why Plan?
Planning in the Industrial Era: 1800–1900
The “City Beautiful” Movement
“Till We Have Built Jerusalem”: The New Towns Movement
A Socialist–Feminist New Town
Later New Towns in Great Britain
New Towns in Western Europe, Australia, and Brazil
New Towns in the United States
Have They Worked? Criticisms of New Towns
Utopia Unlimited: Architectural Visions
Le Corbusier: The Radiant City
Frank Lloyd Wright: Broadacre City
Paolo Soleri: The Arcology
Utopia’s Limitations: A Critique
Meanwhile . . . Downtown: More Focused Urban Planning
Sidewalks, Neighborhoods, and Local Initiative
Open Spaces: Squares, Parks, and Architecture
Rouse Revisited: The Middle Ground
The Realities of Urban Planning
Economics and Politics
The Difference That Values Make
*CASE STUDY: Toronto, Ontario
The Physical Setting
History
Creation of a Metropolitan Government
Two Phases of Urban Planning
Toronto Today
References
Photo Credits
Index
Courses
Urban Sociology
(Sociology)
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