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Later Life: The Realities of Aging, 6/E
ISBN-10: 0131951580
ISBN-13: 9780131951587
Publisher: Pearson
Copyright: 2006
Format: Paper; 432 pp
Published: 12/01/2005
Status: Instock
Customers outside the U.S., click here.
Description
For courses in Sociology of Aging or Gerontology taught primarily in departments of sociology.
Message: An interdisciplinary introduction to the aging process which uses symbolic interactionism as the main theoretical perspective.
Features
- Accessible, interdisciplinary coverage with chapters covering a variety of subject matter areas from biology to psychology, from economics to sociology, from political science to religion.
- Utilizes symbolic interaction perspective to explain behavior problems and an individual's adaptations associated with the process of aging.
New To This Edition
- Current demographic data drawn from the most recent census information coming from the Population Reference Bureau. This includes the current number and percentage of older persons in the population as well as future projections.
- Presents current economic status and future prospects for retirees.
- Provides the most recent and current gerontological research findings in each chapter.
- Integrates historical and cross-cultural comparisons of aging, examining the role of the elderly in different historical periods and societies.
- Presents a unique way of viewing individual adjustment to retirement and leisure.
Table of Contents
CHAPTER ONE
Emergence and Scope of Gerontology
The Advent of Gerontology 1
Demographic Trends 3
Conclusion 17
Key Terms 19
Notes 19
References 19
CHAPTER TWO
Problems, Public Perception, and Stereotypes of Older Americans
The Problems of Aging 22
Public Perceptions of Older Persons 27
Misconceptions 31
Conclusion 34
Key Terms 34
Notes 35
References 35
CHAPTER THREE
Theoretical Perspectives on Aging
Theory and Research 37
Disengagement Theory 40
Activity Theory 43
Human Development Theories 45
Continuity Theory 49
Age Stratification Theory 51
Older Americans as a Minority Group 52
Aging as an Exchange 53
The Symbolic Interaction Perspective 55
Labeling Theory 56
Evaluating Theories of Aging 59
Conclusion 60
Key Terms 61
Notes 61
References 61
CHAPTER FOUR
Historical and Cross-Cultural Comparisons of Aging
Introduction 66
Demographic Transition and the Aging of the World’s Population 69
Modernization and Aging 72
Criticism of the Modernization Theory 73
Critical Variables Determining the Status of the Aged 74
Theoretical Views on the Changing Status of the Elderly 78
Roles and Status of the Aged in Three Cultures 80
Conclusion 88
Key Terms 89
Notes 89
References 89
Part II: The Individual and the Social System
CHAPTER FIVE
Biological and Health Correlates of Aging
Introduction 92
Age-Related Changes in Human Physiology 96
Major Causes of Illness and Death in Old Age 97
Biological Theories of Aging 100
Psychological and Sociological Aspects of Illness 105
Holistic Health Care 110
Exercise and Aging 113
Conclusion 116
Key Terms 118
Notes 118
References 119
CHAPTER SIX
Psychological Changes in Later Life
Introduction 122
Psychological and Performance Changes 123
Personality 127
Stability and Change in Personality 129
Self-Esteem 133
Adjustment to Aging 134
Stress 136
Conclusion 144
Key Terms 144
Notes 145
References 145
CHAPTER SEVEN
Age Norms, Age Constraints, and Adult Socialization
Life Space 151
Role 152
Age Synchronization 155
Normative Constraints 158
Attitudes toward Old Age 159
Social Class and Adjustment to Old Age 160
Age, Gender, and Longevity 162
Conclusion 164
Key Terms 165
Notes 165
References 166
CHAPTER EIGHT
Aging Minority Group Members
Demographic Characteristics 170
Social Aspects of Aging 177
Service Needs 179
Subcultural and Value Disparities between the Dominant Group and Minority Groups 181
The Asian American 183
Native Americans 185
Conclusion 186
Key Terms 187
Notes 187
References 188
Part III: Adjustment Patterns and Changing Lifestyles in Old Age
CHAPTER NINE
Family Patterns in Later Life
Changing Roles and the Aging Family 192
Husband—Wife Relations 194
Intergenerational Relations 201
Grandparenthood 204
Widowhood 206
Alternative Lifestyles 209
Second Marriages 211
Conclusion 213
Key Terms 214
Notes 215
References 215
CHAPTER TEN
Work, Leisure, and Retirement Patterns
Introduction 219
Work 220
Free Time 225
Leisure 226
Retirement 230
Conclusion 239
Key Terms 240
Notes 240
References 241
CHAPTER ELEVEN
Living Environments in Later Life
Residential Segregation of the Aged 246
Design and Environmental Factors in Senior Housing 250
Housing and Community Choices of Older Americans 254
Housing Costs 257
Sociability 258
Institutionalization 260
The Eden Alternative 263
Conclusion 264
Key Terms 265
Notes 265
References 267
CHAPTER TWELVE
Death and Dying
The Impact of Death on Society 271
Attitudes toward Death 273
The Meaning of Death 278
Critical Questions about Death 280
Adjustments to Dying 287
Grief 290
Conclusion 291
Key Terms 292
Notes 292
References 293
Part IV: Societal Issues Confronting Older Americans
CHAPTER THIRTEEN
The Economics of Aging
Economic Needs of Older Americans 296
Income 297
Poverty 300
Sources of Income 302
Effects of Inflation 307
Conclusion 309
Key Terms 310
Notes 310
References 310
CHAPTER FOURTEEN
Exploitation of the Aged: Crimes, Confidence Games, and Frauds
Fear of Crime 312
Victimization by Crime 313
The Older Person’s Response to Victimization 317
Confidence Games and Frauds 318
Abuse of the Elderly 321
Conclusion 323
Key Terms 325
Notes 325
References 326
CHAPTER FIFTEEN
Politics of Aging
Political Participation 329
Intergenerational Conflict or Consensus 335
Status Inconsistency 337
Age and Political Conservatism 339
Conclusion 339
Key Terms 340
Notes 340
References 341
CHAPTER SIXTEEN
Social Services for Older Americans
Social Services for Older Americans 343
Future Directions of Service Programs for the Aged 357
Conclusion 360
Key Terms 361
Notes 361
References 362
CHAPTER SEVENTEEN
Religion and Aging
Introduction 363
Church Attendance 365
Belief in God 366
Belief in Immortality 367
Orthodox Religion 368
Religious Ritualism and Private Devotionalism 370
Religiosity and Life Satisfaction 371
The Role of the Aged in the Church 373
Conclusion 375
Key Terms 376
Notes 377
References 377
CHAPTER EIGHTEEN
Aging and the Aged: Future Prospects and Issues
Gerontology: The Future of the Discipline 381
Theories of Aging 382
Health 384
Retirement Income 385
Family 387
Residential Location 389
Postindustrial Society 389
Values 390
Work and Leisure 391
Power 391
Death 392
Government Services 392
Conclusion 393
Key Terms 393
Notes 393
References 394
Index
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